Ehe, vatengesi vatatu vanogona kugovera mudziyo. Aiwa, izvozvo hazvivaiti chinhu chimwe chete mukuona kwetsika. Anoendesa mberi anogona kubatanidza zvinhu zvinotakurwa pasi pebhuku rimwe chete, mudziyo mumwe, uye bhiri rimwe chete rekutakura. Mutengesi wako achiri kuda yakaparadzana invoice yekutengesa uye yekurongedza runyorwa kubva kune mumwe nemumwe mutengesi, yega yega chigadzirwa HTS kupatsanurwa, uye Yekupinza Chengetedzo Kufaya iyo inodoma mugadziri wese kana mutengesi arimo. Pakuenda, mudziyo unogona kubatanidzwa pachiteshi chekutakura zvinhu, uye mutengesi werekodhi anoramba aine mutoro wekupinda. Mutemo unoshanda uri nyore: simbisa kutakura, kwete mapepa. Chengetedza magwaro emutengesi ega ega akaparadzana kubva pachikumbiro chekutanga chekuodha, uye uyananise iwo mudziyo usati waputirwa.
Chii Kubatanidza Kunobatanidza, uye Zvazvinosiya Zvakaparadzana
Kubatanidzwa kwemutengi ndiyo mhinduro yekufambisa. Iwe unogadza mumwe wekutumira mberi, ipa China kero yekuchengetera zvinhu kune mumwe nemumwe mutengesi, uye rega imba yekuchengetera igamuchire, itarise, uye itakure makatoni mune imwe chete inobuda. Anoendesa mberi anogona kushandura akawanda mashoma-kupfuura-container-load mijenya mugaba rimwechete rizere, kana kuchengeta kutakura sechimwe. Kutengeswa kweLCL. Chero nzira, hukama hwekutengeserana nemutengesi wega wega hunoramba hwakasiyana.
Kuparadzana ikoko kunokosha nekuti tsika dzinoshanda kubva mukutengesana, kwete kubva mumidziyo. Chigaba chimwe chete chinogona kubata zvinhu zvakatengwa pasi pemaodha matatu ekutenga, matatu mari, matatu Incoterms, uye matatu matatu echigadzirwa data. Pfupiso yekupinda inofanira kuramba ichiratidza chakatengwa, kubva kunaani, pamutengo upi, uye pasi peiyo kupatsanurwa. Mugaba ichikwata chekutakura. Haisi chikamu chetsika.
Consolidation inoshandurawo anoita izvo kwaakabva. Pasi pemashoko eFOB, mutengesi wega wega anowanzo gadzirisa kunze kwenyika uye kuendesa kune yakapihwa chiteshi. Pasi peEXW, anoendesa mberi anogona kuunganidza kubva kune imwe neimwe fekitori uye kubata kunze kwekunze clearance. Pasi peDDP, mutengesi anogona kudzora kuendesa uye kuendesa kunze. Hapana kana imwe yeidzo gadziriro inobvisa kudiwa kweinvoice yakachena uye runyorwa rwekurongedza pamutengesi. Vanongochinja anobhadhara gumbo ripi.
Imwe ISF paBhiri reKutakura, Kwete Mumwe Mutengesi Munda
Iyo Importer Security Filing, inowanzonzi 10+2, inoshanda kune inotakura inosvika muUnited States nechikepe. Iye anopinza mafaera gumi data zvinhu, uye mutakuri mafaera maviri mamwe. Iko kufaira kunowanzo kufanirwa pasati papera maawa makumi maviri nemana zvinhu zvisati zvatakurwa. Kune chigadziko chakasimbiswa, iyo faira inosungirirwa kune bhiri rekutakura, kwete kune nhamba yevatengesi.
Zvinhu gumi zvekupinza kunze kwenyika zvinosanganisira mugadziri kana zita remutengesi nekero, mutengesi, mutengi, chikepe-kuenda kumabiko, nzvimbo yekutakura midziyo, consolidator, mutengesi wenhamba yerekodhi, nhamba ye consignee, nyika yekwakabva, uye nhamba-nhanhatu HTS nhamba. Kana mafekitori matatu achipa zvinhu, mugadziri wega wega kana mutengesi uye mutsetse wega wega weHTS unofanirwa kumiririrwa. Iyo faira inongotumidza iyo yekusimbisa imba yekuchengetera, kana chete mutengesi wekutanga, haitsananguri kutumirwa.
Bvunza broker yako dhizaini ISF data sheet isati yasvika nguva yekupedzisira. Tarisa kuti zita remutengesi wese nekero zvinoenderana neinvoice yayo, kuti mutsara wechigadzirwa wega wega une nhamba-nhanhatu yeHTS nhamba, uye kuti nzvimbo yekuisa midziyo ndiyo imba yekuchengetera chaiyo paiiswa mabhokisi. Kana anoendesa mberi akashandisa imwe CFS paminiti yekupedzisira, nzvimbo yekuisa inoshanduka zvakare. The CBP Importer Chengetedzo Yekufaira peji inotsanangura chirongwa uye basa rekuisa.
Imwezve pfungwa: ISF haisi tsika yekupinda. Iko kuchengetedza faira. ISF yakachena haibvisi zvinhu zvako, uye kupinda kwetsika hakugadziri ISF yakaipa. Vatore semapepa ekutarisa maviri akasiyana ane mazuva maviri akasiyana.
Iyo Yekupinda Inogona Kuve Imwe Pfupiso ine akati wandei invoice Lines
Pfupiso yekupinda mutsika imwe chete inogona kutakura mitsara yakawanda yemainvoice. Izvo hazvireve kuti broker anogona kubata vatengesi vatatu sekutenga kumwe kusingaverengeki. Pfupiso yekupinda, kazhinji CBP Form 7501, inoshuma zvinhu neHTS mutsara, ine kukosha kwakapinda, basa, uye dzimwe mhosva. Mutsara wega wega unofanirwa kutsigirwa neinvoice yekutengesa, rondedzero yekurongedza, uye rekodhi rekutenga.
Ipa bhuroka pakiti imwe pamutengesi, pamwe nebepa rekuyananisa. Pepa racho rinofanira kuratidza zita remutengesi zviri pamutemo, invoice nhamba uye zuva, mari yeinvoice, Incoterm, tsananguro yechigadzirwa, HTS kodhi, huwandu, mutengo weyuniti, kukosha kwemutsara, kuverenga kwekatoni, huremu hwakazara, uye nhamba yekutenga odha. Mutengesi anogona kubva atora mepu yega yega invoice kumutsetse chaiwo wekupinda pasina kufungidzira.
Usaite kuti anoendesa mberi aputsire tsananguro yacho “general merchandise” kana “nhumbi dzakasanganiswa.” Tsanangudzo isina kujeka inoita kuti kupatsanura kuome, inokoka ongororo yegwaro, uye inogona kuvanza kukosha kusawirirana kusvika mudziyo watova pachiteshi. The CBP yekupinda muchidimbu kutungamira yakanyorerwa mabroker, asi inobatsira kuverenga kune chero anotora kunze kwenyika anoda kuona zviri kunyoreswa nebroker.
Basa rinoongororwa mutsara nemutsara. Kana invoice yemumwe mutengesi ikashandisa mari isiriyo, ikasiya mutero, kana kubata sample sezero value, dambudziko harigari mukati memutsara wemutengesi iyeye. Mutengesi anogona kufanira kugadzirisa yekupinda, uye mudziyo unogona kumirira apo nhamba dzichigadziriswa. Mutsara mumwechete wakashata unogona kushandura kutumira kwakabatanidzwa kuita ongororo yakazara yekupinda.
Ndiani Anopinza Kana Vatatu Vanotengesa Kwauri?
Kana iwe ukatenga kubva kumutengesi wega wega uye zvinhu zvotumirwa kubhizinesi rako, iwe kana sangano rako reUS rinowanzo tora rekodhi kunze kwenyika. Anoendesa mberi haasi iye anotora kunze nekuti akabatanidza kutakura. Kunyangwe kana anoendesa mberi achiburitsa bhiri rekutakura uye kuita seNVOCC, izvo zvinoita kuti ive mutakuri kana murevereri wegumbo regungwa. Hazviiti kuti ive bato rine mutoro wekupinda mutsika.
Mhinduro inogona kuchinja pasi pekutengeswa kweDDP, chirongwa chemusika, kana chimiro cheUS. Bvunza kuti ndiani achanzi ndiye anotora rekodhi kunze kwenyika pane chinopinda, uye ita shuwa kuti zita rinoenderana nesangano richagamuchira zviziviso zveCBP. Kana mutengesi ari iye anopinza pasi peDDP, chisungo chemutengesi uye nhamba yeanopinza zvinhu zviri kutamba, uye kugona kwako kudzora kupinda kunogumira.
For Amazon FBA kutumira, chikepe-kuenda kumapati iFBA warehouse, kwete kero yako yekumba. Iyo ISF ngarava-kune data uye kero yekuendesa yekupinda inofanirwa kuenderana nehurongwa hwekutumira. Kana makatoni emutengesi achienda kune imwe FBA warehouse, mutakurwi ungangoda kupatsanurwa usati watakura kwete kuunganidzirwa mugaba rimwe chete. Sarudza yekupedzisira ngarava-kuenda pamberi peanoendesa mberi mabhuku mugaba.
Iyo Consolidation Warehouse Inofanira Kukutumira Iwe
Nyanzvi consolidation warehouse inopa mushumo wekugamuchira kune umwe neumwe mutengesi. Chirevo chinofanirwa kuratidza zita remupi, nhamba yereferensi, kuverenga kwekatoni, zviyero, huremu, mamaki, uye mapikicha emutoro wakagamuchirwa. Inofanirawo kucherechedza chero kukuvara, kutumirwa kupfupi, kana kushaikwa label panguva yekugamuchira. Chirevo ichocho humbowo hwako kana mutengesi akazoti akatumira mabhokisi akawanda kupfuura akasvika.
Bvunza chirongwa chekutakura chigaba chisati chazara. Hurongwa uhwu hunofanira kuratidza marongerwe emakatoni emutengesi mumwe nemumwe, kana zvinhu zvichaiswa pamatanda, uye kana zvinhu zvemutengesi zvakanyanyoreba, zvinorema, kana kuti zvitete zvekuturika. Kana imba yekuchengetera zvinhu ikarongedza zvakare kana kupfekedza, bvunza kuti ndiani ane mutengo uye kana mamakisi emakatoni ekutanga anoramba achionekwa.
Nguva ndiyo imwe hafu yemushumo. Kubatanidzwa kunoshanda chete kana mutengesi wese achiunza mukati mehwindo rimwe rekugamuchira. Kana fekitari imwe yakanonoka, mudziyo unogona kupotsa kuchekwa kwawo woumburuka uchienda kune imwe ngarava. Imba inochengeterwa zvinhu inogona kuchaja chengetedzo yemutoro wasvika nekukurumidza, uye anoendesa mberi anogona kubhadharisa kubhukidzazve kana mari yekuvandudza. Bvumiranai pamusi wekupedzisira wekutakura zvinhu, zuva rekupedzisira rekugamuchira, uye mutemo wezvinoitika kana mumwe mutengesi akapotsa.
Ipo Vhidhiyo Inokodzera: Warehouse Handling in Practice
Nhanho yekuchengetera zvinhu ndipo panowanikwa matambudziko mazhinji ekubatanidza. Makatoni anosvika kubva kumafekitori akasiyana ane mamakisi akasiyana, akasiyana mapallet mapatani, uye akasiyana mazano echii “yakagadzirira kutakura” zvinoreva. Iyo pfupi yekuchengetera mafambiro inoratidza kugamuchira, kutarisa, uye kurodha kutevedzana iyo magwaro anofanirwa kutsanangura.
Shandisa vhidhiyo sechinyorwa, kwete sehumbowo. Mubvunzo hausi wekuti imba yekuchengetera zvinhu ine chiteshi chekutakura. Mubvunzo ndewekuti ichakutumira iwe wega-mutengesi kugamuchira report, chirongwa chekurodha, uye mudziyo uye chisimbiso rekodhi kune yako chaiyo yekubhukidza. Bvunza magwaro matatu iwayo mukunyora zvinhu zvisati zvaenda.
Destination Deconsolidation uye Mhosva Hapana Munhu Anotorwa
Kubatanidza hakuperi kana chikepe chasvika. Chigaba cheLCL chinopekurwa panzvimbo yeCFS, uye deconsolidation ibasa rinobhadhariswa. Muripo wekutenga nzvimbo yekuenda, kubata kweCFS, muripo weodha yekutumira, uye muripo wemagwaro unogona kubhadhariswa pakutumira, pabhiri reimba, kana nemutengesi. A quote inoti “mari yekuenda haina kubatanidzwa” haakuudze chero chinhu kudzamara waziva kuti ndeipi unit inobhadharwa.
Bvunza pepa remitengo yekwaunoenda usati wabhuka. Inofanira kunyora CFS kana muripo wekugadzirisa, kubata kwekupedzisira, kurongeka kwekutumira, kubhuroka kwetsika, mari yebvunzo kana yekuongorora, kuchengetedza, uye kuendesa. Bvunza kuti mangani mazuva emahara anoshanda uye ndiani anobhadhara kana mutakuri mumwe wemutoro asarudzirwa bvunzo. Kana mudziyo ukabatwa nekuti mutsara mumwe wakabvunzwa, mumwe vatengesi’ zvinhu zvinogona kumirirawo, kunyangwe magwaro avo akachena.
Pakubatanidzwa kweFCL nemabhiri edzimba akawanda, NVOCC inogona kuparara paCFS yayo pachayo isati yasununguka. Izvo zvinogona kuwedzera yechipiri yekubata layer uye yechipiri seti yemubhadharo. Bvunza kana mudziyo wacho uchizoendeswa kumunhu mumwe chete kana kuti wakaputswa paCFS, uye wana mhinduro yakanyorwa.
Zvakajairwa Zvikanganiso Zvinoshandura Container rimwechete kuita Matambudziko Matatu
- Isipo Incoterm pane imwe invoice. Mutengesi anofanira kufungidzira kuti ndiani akabhadhara zvinhu neinishuwarenzi, uye kukosha kwetsika kunogona kunge kusina kunaka.
- Mutengesi HTS kodhi yakakopwa pasina cheki yechigadzirwa. Poshi misclassified line inogona kukonzeresa ongororo yegwaro kana bvunzo yemudziyo wese.
- ISF inonyora chete consolidator. Mugadziri kana mutengesi data harina kukwana, kunyangwe kana nhamba yemudziyo uye bhiri rekutakura zviri izvo.
- Mabhiri matatu eimba, imwe yekupinda, hapana kuyananiswa. Iyo bhuroka inoisa izvo zvaanogamuchira. Kana pasina munhu akamepu mitsara yeinivhoisi kumitsetse yekupinda, invoice isipo inogona kubuda kana wasvika.
- FBA ngarava-kune kusawirirana. Iyo ISF, yekupinda, uye yekuendesa nzvimbo yekugadzika kune akasiyana matura, uye mitoro inopatsanurwa kana kubatwa.
- A zero-value sample line. Iyo invoice yese haichaenderana nerekodhi yekubhadhara, uye kukosha kwekuongorora kunotanga.
- Kunonoka kutakura zvinhu kubva kune mumwe mutengesi. Iyo midziyo inotenderera, yekuchengetedza inowedzera, uye vamwe vaviri vatengesi’ mutoro unobhadhara kunonoka.
Mazhinji ematambudziko aya matambudziko ezvinyorwa, kwete matambudziko ekutakura zvinhu. Izvo zvakachipa kugadzirisa chigadziko chisati chaputirwa pane mushure mekunge ngarava yafamba.
Zvekutumira Broker Yako Isati Yabatanidzwa
Usati wabvumidza kubhurocha, tumira broker yako peji imwe ine makoramu matatu: mutengesi, invoice, uye mutsara wekupinda. Kumutengesi wega wega, sanganisira zita remutemo, invoice nhamba, Incoterm, HTS kodhi, huwandu, kukosha, kuverenga kwekatoni, huremu hwakazara, uye CFS nzvimbo yekuisa. Natanidza iwo matatu invoice mapaketi uye dhizaini ISF data sheet. Bvunza mutengesi kuti asimbise nhamba mbiri mukunyora: ingani mitsara yekupinda ichaiswa, uye mangani emugadziri kana marekodhi evatengesi achaonekwa paISF. Kana iyo nhamba mbiri dzisingaenderane nemupi matrix, gadzirisa faira risati ratakurwa.
