Michina yakashandiswa ine oiri ichiri mukati kazhinji inogona kutumira, asi kwete semutoro wakajairwa usina mapepa chaiwo. Mubvunzo wekubhuroka ndiwo wasara mutangi, mitsetse, sump nemahosi: mvura inoyerera isina mahara inoita kuti unit ive mubvunzo wezvinhu zvine njodzi, nepo muchina wakanatswa uye wakacheneswa unowanzo famba sekutakura zvinhu zvine chiziviso chemutakuri. Zvinhu zviviri zvinosarudza mhedzisiro, uye hapana zita remuchina. Chekutanga magwaro anoratidza kudonhedza chaiko kwakaitika. Yechipiri ndiyo mitemo yekuenda kwayo pamidziyo yakashandiswa, inogona kuomarara kupfuura chero chinhu chinokumbirwa nemutakuri.
Chii “mafuta akasara” zvinoreva mumashoko ekubhukha
Vatakuri havasi kubvunza kana muchina wakasviba. Vari kubvunza kana chero chinhu chiri mukati maro chinogona kubuda, kubatidza kana kuita panguva yekubata. Mvura inoyerera yakasununguka inogona kubuda nevhavha, inokwana kana hose yakatsemuka ndiyo inonetsa. Firimu remafuta mukati memamiriro emukati mamiriro akasiyana, uye anowanzo batwa nekudonhedza uye kuchenesa chiziviso pane kuzivisa zvinhu zvine njodzi.
Musiyano iwoyo ndosaka muchina mumwechete uchigona kutaurwa nenzira mbiri dzakasiyana. Chikwata chinosvika paimba yekuchengetera mafuta nemafuta mu tangi uye mafuta mumitsara ye hydraulic inoda kubhuka kwakasiyana, kurongedza kwakasiyana uye gwaro rakasiyana rakaiswa kubva kune imwechete unit mushure mekudonha kwakakodzera. Kana mutengesi achiti “haina chinhu”, mubvunzo wekutevera ndewekuti ndiani akaibvisa, mvura yakaenda kupi, uye humbowo hupi huripo.
UN 3166 kana UN 3363: mubvunzo wekuisa
Pane zvakasara, zvinyorwa zviviri zveUN zvinowanzobuda. UN 3166 inovhara mota inofambiswa nemvura inopfuta, inova yekupinda iyo inoshanda kumuchina unokwanisa kufamba pasi pesimba rawo nemafuta mubhodhi. UN 3363 inovhara zvinhu zvine njodzi mumidziyo kana muchina, inova yekupinda iyo inoshanda kana chinhu chinodzorwa chiri mukati memidziyo. Kupinda chaiko kunoenderana nekuti muchina chii, chasara mukati, uye kuti yakawanda sei.
Iyi haisi sarudzo yekuita kubva pamufananidzo wechigadzirwa. Desk rezvinhu zvine njodzi yemutakuri richada zvinhu, huwandu, kurongedza uye nzira yekufambisa, uye inogona kukumbira pepa rekuchengetedza data remafuta asara. The IMO ine njodzi yezvinhu chimiro ndiyo inotangira gumbo regungwa; mitemo yekambani yendege inoshanda kana muchina ukafamba nemhepo, uye kazhinji inoomesa. Kana muchina wacho wakadonhedzwa, kucheneswa uye kunyorwa, mubvunzo wezvinhu zvine njodzi unowanzo kudonha. Kana zvisiri, kubhuroka hakugone kupedzwa pasina chiziviso chakakodzera.
The draining checklist fekitari inofanira kutevera
Kudonhedza inzira, kwete chiito chimwe chete. Tanga netangi remafuta: pombira kunze, wobva wabvisa mafuta asara kuburikidza nepuragi yekudhonza, woirasa nenzira ine rezinesi kwete kupinda muchivanze. Enda kune mitsetse yemafuta uye sefa imba, iyo inobata mvura mushure mekunge tangi isina chinhu. Ipapo iyo hydraulic reservoir uye macylinders, ayo anowanzo furatirwa nekuti muchina unotaridzika wakaoma kubva kunze. Pakupedzisira sump, inotonhorera redunhu uye chero mafuta-akazadzwa giya bhokisi rinogona kudhirwa pasina kukuvadza muchina.
Mushure mekudhonza, chivharo kana plug pese pese nefitting isingashande yakasununguka pakufamba, kwete rag kana tepi. Chenesa nzvimbo dzekunze kuitira kuti inspector aone kuti hapana peji, uye tora imwe neimwe nzvimbo yakadonhedzwa neplug iri panzvimbo. Isa zvinhu zvinonyudza mukireti uye gadzirisa muchina kuti usafambe. Mapikicha aya ndiwo humbowo hunobatanidza chiziviso nechikamu chaicho, ndosaka achifanirwa kutorwa kufekitari kwete pachiteshi.
Chii chinoitika kana faira isina kukwana
Iyo faira isina kukwana inoratidzira munzira nhatu. Mutakuri anoramba kubhurocha uye anokumbira gwaro risipo, iro rinodhura zuva kana kupfuura uye rinogona kupotsa kufamba nechikepe. Imba yekuchengetera zvinhu inoramba kugamuchira iyo unit nekuti haigone kusimbisa kuti kutakura zvinhu hazvina njodzi, izvo zvinodhura kuchengetedza uye kudzoreredza. Kana kuti kutakurwa kunofamba uye chiremera chekuenda chinozvibvunza, inova ndiyo inodhura zvakanyanya nekuti zvinhu zvatove kumagumo echeni.
Hapana chimwe chezvigumisiro ichocho chisingawanzoitiki. Michina yakashandiswa iboka rinotariswa nevatakuri uye materminal, nekuti inobvinza unit inokuvadza zvimwe zvinotakura uye kuchenesa kunodhura. Chiziviso uye mapikicha hazvisi bureaucracy; ndivo chikonzero kubhuka kuripo zvachose.
Kurodha, kusimudza uye kuchengetedza
Muchina wakashandiswa unowanzo kurema kupfuura hukuru hwawo hunoratidza, uye pakati pesimba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi kashoma kuva pakati. Bvunza fekitari yezvibodzwa zvekusimudza uye kugovera huremu chikamu chisati chagadzirwa, uye ugovane neanoendesa mberi kuitira kuti chirongwa chekusimudza chienderane nemidziyo. Kana muchina uchifanira kusimudzwa necrane, simbisa kuti makumbo ekusimudza akatemerwa uye anowanikwa kuburikidza nekrete, nekuti kireti rakavharwa risina kusimudza nzira inokoka rigger kuti ivandudze.
Kuchengetedza kunotevera pfungwa imwechete. Iyo unit inofanirwa kumiswa kune crate base ine mabhaudhi kana inorema tambo, isina kuvharika nematanda akasununguka, uye crate inofanirwa kugadzirwa kuitira kuti muchina usafambe kana chigaba chabhureki kana roller. Kune rakafuratira rack kana yakavhurika-yepamusoro yekutumira, iyo lashing chirongwa ndechemumagwaro ekubhukha, kwete muhurukuro pachiteshi.
Zvinokumbirwa nemutakuri usati wabhuka
Vazhinji vatakuri vanokumbira chiziviso chakanyorwa chekuti tangi, mitsetse uye sump zvakadonhedzwa nemvura yemahara, kuti mazaruro ese akavharwa kana kuvharwa, uye kuti iyo unit haina kudonha. Vatakuri vanowanzo wedzera mafoto emapoinzi akadonhedzwa uye eiyo crated unit, uye mamwe anoda anonwisa zvinhu kana tireyi yemukati mukati mekireti. Chiziviso chinosainwa nemutakuri, uye chenhema idambudziko rakakura, saka fekitori inofanira kupedzisa pane iyo inoendesa mberi.
Kutevedzana kunoshanda ndekwekutanga kudonhedza, mufananidzo wechipiri, crate yechitatu, uye bhuku rekupedzisira. Kubhuka kusati kwapera dhizaini ndiyo nzira iyo inotakura inoguma yakamirira kuimba yekuchengetera asi mutakuri achibvunza humbowo hwekuti hapana akaunganidza. Kana muchina wacho uine hydraulic system, bvunza fekitori kuti ibvise dhamu nemitsara zvakasiyana, nekuti tangi yakanyungudutswa ine hose yakazara ichiri kubuda, uye imwe yekudonhedza nzvimbo haijekese mvura yakavharirwa muhumburumbira.
Mitemo yekuenda inogona kuomarara pane inotakura
Misika yakawanda inobata michina yakashandiswa zvakasiyana nemidziyo mitsva. Zvimwe zvinoda mvumo yekuunza kunze kwenyika, ongororo isati yaburitswa, kana humbowo hwezera remuchina uye mamiriro. Vamwe vanorambidza mapoka ese emidziyo yakashandiswa kuitira kuchengetedza kana zvikonzero zvezvakatipoteredza. Hapana chimwe cheicho chinowanzo onekwa mukutakura kwemutakuri system, uye hapana kana chimwe chazvo chinopindurwa nekudonhedza chiziviso.
Cheki iri padanho rekutora: simbisa nemutengesi wekuenda kana mutengesi kuti mitemo yemidziyo inoshandiswa ndeipi yemuchina chaiwo nemutsetse wemitero, uye kana chitupa chekuongorora chisati chatumirwa. Kana mhinduro isina kujeka, inyore mukunyora iyo unit isati yagadzirwa, nekuti kusunungura muchina kunzvimbo yekugutsa inspector imari isingabhadharwe nemunhu.
Rondedzera muchina nguva dzose mumagwaro. Akashandiswa, akagadziridzwa uye akagadziridzwa haasi mavara anochinjika, uye ukoshi hwetsika nemvumo yekuunza zvinogona kubatidza iyo inoshanda. Taura muenzaniso, nhamba yeserial, gore rekugadzira, maawa kana mavhiri kana muchina wakaanyora, uye chii chakatsiviwa panguva yekugadziridzwa kupi zvako. Chiremera chekuenda chinoona tsananguro nhatu dzakasiyana painvoice, runyorwa rwekurongedza uye mushumo wekuongorora unobvunza mibvunzo iyo faira rinoenderana ringadai rakadziviswa.
Kana mutakuri akati kwete
Kuramba kazhinji kune humbowo, kwete nezvemuchina. Dhipatimendi rekuhodha harigone kusimbisa kuti unit haina mvura yemahara, saka inoramba kutambira kutakura kusvika mumwe munhu apa chiziviso uye mafoto anoenderana neyuniti. Bvunza kuti ndechipi chinodiwa chatadza, gadzirisa icho chaicho, uye tumirazve bhukisho neumbowo hutsva hwakanamirwa.
Kana mutakuri wacho akaramba nekuti muchina wacho unodzorwa sezvinhu zvine ngozi, mhinduro haisi yekupikisa pfungwa yacho. Rongedza chikwata, chirongedze kune mirairo inoshanda, uye bhuka sezvinhu zvine njodzi nemutakuri anotambira kirasi. Kuedza kufambisa unit yakadzorwa as general cargo ndiyo vhezheni yedambudziko iri rinopera nekutakura zvinhu.
Wood crating uye iyo ISPM 15 mamaki
Solid wood crating uye mapallets akafukidzwa ne International phytosanitary standard yehuni kurongedza, ISPM 15. Huni dzinofanirwa kurapwa, kazhinji nekupisa kupisa, uye kucherechedzwa nechiratidzo cheIPPC, kodhi yenyika, kodhi yemugadziri uye kodhi yekurapa. Huni dzakagadzirwa, dzakaita seplywood kana oriented strand board, hadzibvumidzwe kubva kuISPM 15 pane kurapwa neimwe nzira, ndosaka kuvaka kwekrete kuchikosha.
Mucherechedzo unotariswa kwauchaenda, uye kireti isina icho rinogona kurambwa, kupiswa nemutengo weanotenga kunze kwenyika, kana kuparadzwa. Kumbira mutengesi we crating mapikicha echiratidzo pachidimbu chimwe nechimwe chehuni yakasimba, uye chengeta pamwe nemagwaro ekutumira. Icho chinhu chidiki chinoshanduka kuita dambudziko hombe kana muchina wakagara pachiteshi uye crate haigone kuvhurwa.
Iyo faira inofamba nemuchina
Zvinyorwa zvishanu zvinobata mizhinji yemibvunzo. Chiziviso chekudonhedza nekuchenesa chinozivisa chakabviswa uye chinosimbisa kuti hapana mvura yemahara yasara. Mifananidzo inoratidza tangi, hoses, sump, caps uye crate yapera. Iyo ISPM 15 mucherechedzo inoratidza kuti kurongedza kwehuni kwakarapwa. Iyo invoice uye rondedzero yekurongedza inotakura seriyo nhamba, huremu, zviyero uye mamiriro. Cheki yekusvika inorekodha mitemo yekupinza yawakasimbisa, saka kutumira kunotevera hakutangire pazero.
Chengetedza faira iri munzvimbo imwechete uye utumire pamwe chete nebhuku, kwete mushure mekunge kubhurowa kwasimbiswa. Chikwata chebasa remutakuri uye mutengesi wekuenda ari kubvunza mibvunzo mimwechete kubva kumativi akasiyana, uye gwaro rimwe chete rinopindura zvese. Yedu zvinhu zvine njodzi zvekutakura zvinhu inovhara divi rekuzivisa kana zvakasara zvichisara, uye iyo China warehouse service inotsanangura mabatirwo anoitwa crating nekubatanidza isati yarodha.
Apo purogiramu inowanzoputsika
Basa rekudhiraivha nekukorokoza rinoitwa pafekitari, uye inokwikwidza nekugadzirwa kwebasa rimwe chete. Muchina wakavimbiswa kuchekwa kweChishanu kazhinji unoupotsa nekuti dhiraini yakarongerwa mushure mekunge crate yavakwa, kana nekuti chiziviso chekudonhedza nekuchenesa chakasvika pasina mafoto anodiwa nemutakuri. Vakai mazuva maviri ebhafa muurongwa hwekudhiraivha uye zvinyorwa, uye simbisai crate yakanyorwa rori isati yarongerwa.
Imwe zororo ndeyekuongorora. Kana kwainoenda kunoda kutariswa kusati kwatumirwa, inspector inoda kuwana muchina usati waita crating, zvinoreva kuti dhiraivha uye ongororo inofanirwa kutevedzana, kwete kumhanya zvakafanana. Bvunza sangano rinoongorora zvarinofanira kuona uye kuti rakamira sei, wobva wapa fekitari nhevedzano yakanyorwa. Yedu customs clearance overview inovhara divi rekuenda kweiyo handoff.
Zvibvise, zvizivise, zvinyore
Muchina wakashandiswa une oiri yakasara idambudziko regwaro risati riri dambudziko rekutakura zvinhu. Kubhuroka kusati kwasimbiswa, bata zvinhu zvishanu: chiziviso chakasainwa chekudonhedza nekucheneswa, mapikicha enzvimbo yese yakadonhedzwa uye kireti unit, iyo ISPM 15 mucherechedzo pachidimbu chimwe nechimwe chehuni yakasimba, invoice uye runyorwa rwekurongedzerwa nenhamba dzakatevedzana uye zviyero, uye chinyorwa chakanyorwa chemitemo yekupinzwa kwekuenda iwe yawakasimbisa. Kana muchina uchine mvura yemahara, mira woisa muchikamu pasi pekupinda kwezvinhu zvine njodzi munhu asati atora nzvimbo. Kana iwe uchida kuti faira ritariswe muchina usati wabuda mufekitori, tumira mafoto uye chiziviso uye isu tichazviongorora zvichienderana nezvinodiwa nemutakuri.
